Research digest · COLM 2026 · Agent Behavior

Diagnosing Agent Capabilities

Through Information-Axis Knockouts

One result · visually

What the experiment shows.

The same zero decomposes into different information failures.
01World
Where am I?

Remove or degrade information about the environment’s state.

02Goal
What am I trying to do?

Remove or degrade information about the target outcome.

03Mechanics
How do actions work?

Remove or degrade information about the rules and effects of actions.

04Feedback
What did my action change?

Remove or degrade the information returned after an action.

Change one information channel; compare the resulting behavior.

01

What does a failed run tell me?

When an agent fails, “the model could not do it” leaves a lot unexplained. It may not know where it is, what goal it should pursue, how an action works, or what the feedback means. Those call for different changes to the system.

We studied this by removing or degrading World, Goal, Mechanics, and Feedback information separately. Instead of changing everything at once, the benchmark asks how behavior changes when a particular source of information is missing.

02

My part was in the runs and the traces

I owned the KA59 experimental lane: building and auditing the evaluation infrastructure, running model and random-baseline sweeps, and analyzing the resulting traces. I also contributed to the paper’s framing and integration. The public evaluation code is available for inspecting the setup.

For this work, the trace matters because it shows what an agent actually did with the information it had. A final score compresses exploration, repeated mistakes, and adaptation into one outcome. Looking at the sequence lets us ask more specific questions about the failure.

03

Knowing the rule and using it come apart

Across the studied environments, the bottlenecks differed. Degrading world information was consistently destructive; degrading mechanics could be fatal or recoverable depending on the environment and model. I would not expect a single description of “reasoning ability” to explain all of those cases.

Behavior and verbal explanation also separated. Agents could trigger or exploit a hidden mechanic without reliably stating its rule under the paper’s strict verbal filter. In the other direction, an explanation alone does not establish that the agent adapted its behavior.

This is why I want evaluations to retain both the intervention and the trajectory. A convincing account after the fact is another output to examine, not a substitute for observing what changed.

04

The question I would bring to a deployed agent

If a team adds memory, tools, or feedback and the score improves, I want to know which addition the improvement depends on. Removing one channel at a time offers a way to investigate that, provided the intervention itself is well defined.

That is a possible use of the method, rather than a result established across production systems. Our environments give us controlled comparisons. The harder next question is which diagnoses remain useful across tasks, and which are specific to the environment we built.

Source material · availability checked 11 September 2026

Inspect the experimental setup

The public repository includes environments, experimental code, and manuscript source. It remains a development record; a plotted result should be tied to its run and version before being treated as a final paper result.

Research summary

The question,
the test, the limits.

A compact reference for what we tested, what the result supports, and what would challenge it.

  1. 01Question

    Which missing information actually causes an agent to fail inside a partially observed environment?

  2. 02Claim

    Capability is a dependence profile across information channels, not a scalar attached to a model name.

  3. 03System boundary

    Agent policy, task environment, prompt-visible information, feedback channel, and the behavioral trace they jointly produce.

  4. 04Intervention

    Remove or degrade World, Goal, Mechanics, and Feedback information one axis at a time.

  5. 05Measurement

    Behavioral change under each knockout: success, exploration, adaptation, and trajectory—not verbal explanation alone.

  6. 06Failure mode

    A model can describe the missing mechanic correctly while its policy remains unchanged.

  7. 07Next falsifier

    A cross-environment representation that predicts knockout behavior without erasing environment-specific dependencies.

I connect these research questions in Inside the loop, where I write about the wider direction of my work.